| 翻訳と辞書 |
Kosher tax
The Kosher tax was one of several indirect taxes imposed by the Russian Imperial government and some other European states on Jews, and much reviled as such.〔Rosenthal, Herman; Lipman, J.G. ("Basket-Tax" ), ''Jewish Encyclopedia''.〕〔Leonid Vasilʹevich Belovinskiĭ. ''Энциклопедический словарь российской жизни и истории: XVIII-начало XX в'', Olma Media Group, 2003, ISBN 978-5-224-04008-7 (p. 357. )〕〔Dubnow, Simon; Friedlaender, Israel. ''History of the Jews in Russia and Poland'', Avotaynu Inc, 2000
ISBN 978-1-886223-11-0, (p. 227. )〕
==Russia==
In Russia, the tax, known as the ''korobka'', was a tax paid only by Jews for each animal slaughtered in accordance with the kashrut rules and for each pound of this meat sold.〔〔(Korobka Tax on Kraziai's Jews ), Document 49-1-1362 from the Kaunas Archive〕 It was part of the Russian Jewish "basket tax" or "box tax". Though it was used to refer to a tax on meat or slaughtering, the word ''korobka'' (Russian: коробка) actually means "box" in Russian. The tax came to be called that because Jews paying had to deposit a coin in a box at the kosher slaughterer.〔Diner, Hasia R. ''Hungering for America: Italian, Irish, and Jewish Foodways in the Age of Migration'', Harvard University Press, 2001, ISBN 978-0-674-00605-8, (p. 164. )〕
According to Herman Rosenthal and Jacob Goodale Lipman, the tax was "the most burdensome and annoying of the special taxes imposed upon the Jews of Russia by the government".〔 The burden of taxes, and the ''korobka'' in particular, was one of the factors which drove many Jews to abandon the towns and settle in villages or on noblemen estates.〔Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): History, vol. 8, 734〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Kosher tax」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|